How do the Uralic languages, like Finnish and Hungarian, differ from their Indo-European neighbors?

Phonetically, Uralic languages are known for their extensive vowel systems, which often include long and short vowels. Finnish, for example, boasts eight vowels that can be either short or long, creating a total of 16 distinct vowel sounds. Similarly, Hungarian has 14 vowel phonemes. In contrast, Indo-European languages typically have fewer vowel distinctions. This, paired with their consonant gradation or palatalization, gives Uralic languages a unique and distinctive sound.